{"id":17147,"date":"2021-07-01T14:49:14","date_gmt":"2021-07-01T13:49:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/methodological-guide\/%ce%ba%ce%b5%cf%86%ce%ac%ce%bb%ce%b1%ce%b9%ce%bf-5-%ce%b7-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%ad%ce%b3%ce%b3%ce%b9%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%85-recreamaths\/"},"modified":"2021-07-07T11:46:19","modified_gmt":"2021-07-07T10:46:19","slug":"%ce%ba%ce%b5%cf%86%ce%ac%ce%bb%ce%b1%ce%b9%ce%bf-5-%ce%b7-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%ad%ce%b3%ce%b3%ce%b9%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%85-recreamaths","status":"publish","type":"methodological_guide","link":"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/el\/methodological-guide\/%ce%ba%ce%b5%cf%86%ce%ac%ce%bb%ce%b1%ce%b9%ce%bf-5-%ce%b7-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%ad%ce%b3%ce%b3%ce%b9%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%85-recreamaths\/","title":{"rendered":"\u039a\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf 5 &#8211; \u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 recreaMATHS"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.1 &#8211; \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 recreaMATHS <\/h2>\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u00ab\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 recreaMATHS\u00bb; \u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b7\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf; <\/p>\n\n<p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 recreaMATHS. \u039c\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 recreaMATHS \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b7\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf. \u0395\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03af \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bd\u03b7\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03af\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd. \u0397 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03af \u03be\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc. \u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 &#8211; \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u2013 \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 (Gifford, 2005).  <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"722\" height=\"539\" src=\"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-39.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16780\" srcset=\"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-39.png 722w, https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-39-480x358.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 722px, 100vw\" \/><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pngkit.com\/view\/u2e6w7r5i1e6u2r5_math-cartoon-png-number-talks-clip-art\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u03a0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<p>\u0397 \u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u00ab\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u00bb, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ae \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c1\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03ae \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2. \u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ae \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7. \u03a9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03bd\u03bf\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u00ab\u03b7 \u03bc\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u00bb. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd, \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 (Gifford, 2005).  <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"558\" height=\"604\" src=\"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-40.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16785\" srcset=\"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-40.png 558w, https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-40-480x520.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 558px, 100vw\" \/><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pngkit.com\/view\/u2q8r5i1o0e6i1w7_love-math-clipart-free-images-2-clip-art\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u03a0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<p><strong>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 recreaMATHS, \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf<\/strong>. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7. \u03a3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Gifford: \u00ab\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03b3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf, \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2.\u00bb \u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac. \u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae \u03ae \u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1, \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9. \u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 recreaMATHS \u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af \u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 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\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1. \u0397 \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd (Gifford, 2005).<\/p>\n\n<p>e\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u00ab\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u2026;\u00bb \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u00ab\u03a0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u2026;\u00bb, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9 &#8211; \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 &#8211; \u03ae \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9 &#8211; \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 &#8211; \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u0388\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd. \u0397 Gifford \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 \u00ab\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\u00bb \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd (Gifford, 2005). <\/p>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-style-large\"><p><strong>\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd<\/strong><\/p><cite>Kim Morin \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Fresno State.<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n<p>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b7\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03c2: <\/p>\n\n<ul><li>\u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2  <\/li><li>\u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 <\/li><li>\u0395\u03bd\u03b8\u03ac\u03c1\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 <\/li><li>\u0395\u03bd\u03b8\u03ac\u03c1\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 <\/li><li>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ac\u03c1\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 <\/li><li>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd <\/li><li>\u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ac\u03c1\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 <\/li><\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.1.1 &#8211; \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7: <\/h3>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"468\" height=\"549\" src=\"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-41.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16789\" srcset=\"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-41.png 468w, https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-41-256x300.png 256w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 468px) 100vw, 468px\" \/><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pngkit.com\/view\/u2q8a9i1i1w7q8i1_kids-math-png-maths-fun\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<p>\u0391\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2: \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ae\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ae \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u00ab\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\u00bb &#8211; \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd (Seel, 2012) &#8211; \u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9-\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9, \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9-\u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0397 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03b2\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b6\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1.   <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.1.2 &#8211; \u0395\u03bd\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9. \u0395\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03af \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf recreaMATHS: <\/h3>\n\n<p>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b7\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u2013 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 &#8211; \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af. \u039f \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u00ab\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u00bb &#8211; \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd &#8211; \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac (child-initiated play) &#8211; \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd (Drew, 2020) &#8211; \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 (adult-led play) &#8211; \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf (How Play Is Structured in Early Years Settings to Promote Development, \u03c7.\u03c7.). \u039f \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03be\u03c5\u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1. \u0397 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd (Gifford, 2005).  <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"650\" height=\"651\" src=\"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-42.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16793\" srcset=\"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-42.png 650w, https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-42-480x481.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 650px, 100vw\" \/><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.fr\/pin\/539657967853904212\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<p>\u03a6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03af \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u2013 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03af, \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ae 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\u00ab\u03b5\u03c6\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u00bb \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Piaget, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 (Subitising and Early Number Sense in Early Years Children &#8211; Yellow Door, \u03c7.\u03c7.). \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd, \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ae 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<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>\u03a3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Balakrishnan (2008), \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 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\u0395\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf (Balakrishnan, 2008). <\/p>\n\n<p>\u03a4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 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\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03b1. \u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (Balakrishnan, 2008).   <\/p>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-style-large\"><p><strong>\u0397 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af: \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf<\/strong><\/p><cite>Robert Frucht<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03c2, \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0395\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u2013 \u03b7 \u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u00ab\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\u00bb \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2013 \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc 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href=\"https:\/\/www.kindergarten-lessons.com\/kindergarten_problem_solving\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<p>\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2. \u0395\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 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\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c8\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1.  <\/li><li>\u0391\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae: \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae.  <\/li><li>\u0395\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 (\u201cKINDERGARTEN PROBLEM SOLVING,\u201d 2019)Implement and follow up on the solution (\u201cKINDERGARTEN PROBLEM SOLVING,\u201d 2019) <\/li><\/ol>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"900\" height=\"495\" src=\"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-46.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16809\" srcset=\"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-46.png 900w, https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-46-480x264.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 900px, 100vw\" \/><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@iamkanikamodi\/steps-to-develop-problem-solving-skills-f9c37dd2cbdc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<p>\u0397 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7. \u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ae, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.   <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u039f\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd;<\/strong>?<\/p>\n\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 Gifford, Piaget (1973) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Vygotsky (1978) \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c9\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u00ab\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u00bb. \u0388\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 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\u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (\u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1, \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bc\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7) \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc. \u0397 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 &#8211; \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 (Definition of Metacognition, \u03c7.\u03c7.). \u0397 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd (Gifford, 2005). <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"651\" height=\"648\" src=\"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-47.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16813\" srcset=\"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-47.png 651w, https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-47-480x478.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 651px, 100vw\" \/><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/transportfutures.institute\/key-problem-solving-skills\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b5\u03c2. \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u00ab\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u00bb. \u0397 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2. \u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b7 \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd. \u0395\u03be \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ae \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ce\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03b2\u03bf\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b7 (Gifford, 2005). <\/p>\n\n<p>\u039a\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd: <\/p>\n\n<ul><li>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 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\u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac. \u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u0399\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd: <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>\u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bb\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2:<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n<ul><li>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 &#8211; \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c0.\u03c7. \u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03ad\u03bb\u03b1, \u03c0\u03b1\u03b6\u03bb. <\/li><li>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 &#8211; \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 <\/li><li>\u03a4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 &#8211; \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1 <\/li><li>\u039a\u03b7\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae &#8211; \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b2\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd <\/li><li>\u03a8\u03b7\u03c6\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 &#8211; \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 <\/li><li>\u03a3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 &#8211; \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd <\/li><li>\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 &#8211; \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 <\/li><\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul><li>\u03a0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd &#8211; \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd <\/li><li>\u03a5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03b2\u03c9\u03bd &#8211; \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03b2\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd <\/li><li>\u03a5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b6\u03c9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd &#8211; \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd <\/li><li>\u0391\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u2013 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u00ab\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2\u00bb \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 <\/li><li>\u039c\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd &#8211; \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03b2\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b6\u03c5\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u00ab\u03b6\u03cd\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u00bb \u03ba.\u03bb\u03c0. <\/li><\/ul>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"439\" src=\"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-51-1024x439.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16829\" srcset=\"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-51-980x420.png 980w, https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-51-480x206.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lucidchart.com\/blog\/problem-solving-definition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 George Polya \u2018How to solve it, (1945)\u2019 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 (\u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2), \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b5\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b7\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5. \u039f Polya \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: <\/p>\n\n<ol><li>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2. \u039f Polya \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u039a\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: <\/li><\/ol>\n<ul><li>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 <\/li><li>\u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <\/li><li>\u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 <\/li><\/ul>\n<p>\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u0397 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03ad\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1.  <\/p>\n\n<ol start=\"2\"><li>\u03a3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5: \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ac\u03c1\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.   <\/li><li>\u03a5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5: \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 2.  <\/li><li>\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\/\u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7): \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1. \u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.   <\/li><\/ol>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b5\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 (Polya, 1945). \u0395\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b9, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd. \u0397 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b7\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 5.3 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c9\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 (Britz, 1993).   <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.3 &#8211; \u0394\u03b9\u03b4\u03ac\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac <\/h2>\n\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1, \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u00ab\u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2\u00bb. \u0397 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u00ab\u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2\u00bb \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u00ab\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u00bb \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2. \u0397 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u00ab\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u00bb \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u00ab\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03c4\u03ac\u00bb \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd, \u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (Gifford, 2005).  <\/p>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-style-large\"><p><strong>\u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong><\/p><cite>Alice P. Wakefield<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"930\" height=\"380\" src=\"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-52.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16834\" srcset=\"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-52.png 930w, https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-52-480x196.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 930px, 100vw\" \/><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/worqiq.com\/2018\/09\/open-to-think-pure-thinking-power\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<p>\u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd 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\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd. \u0397 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (Malvik, 2020). \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd, \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd, \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc: \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 (4 Different Learning Styles You Should Know, n.d.). \u039f \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03af \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b7\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u0388\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf. \u0388\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf, \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd. \u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1:  <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"626\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-53.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16838\" srcset=\"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-53.png 626w, https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-53-480x345.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 626px, 100vw\" \/><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/www.freepik.com\/free-vector\/doubtful-boy-white-background_3577417.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<ol><li>\u0395\u03bd\u03b8\u03ac\u03c1\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b7\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd.  <\/li><li>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ac\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1. \u039f \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bd\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.  <\/li><li>\u03a7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u00ab\u03c4\u03b9\u00bb, \u00ab\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u00bb, \u00ab\u03c0\u03ce\u03c2\u00bb, \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bb\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2.  <\/li><li> \u0395\u03bd\u03b8\u03ac\u03c1\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u2019 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac. \u039f\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf (Teaching Math to Young Children, 2013).   <\/li><li>\u0395\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b9, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u039f \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 RecreaMATHS \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b7\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u039c\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u00ab\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u00bb \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 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\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd (Gifford, 2005). \u038c\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf\u03b9 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\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c8\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 (Pellissier, 2015).   <\/li><\/ol>\n<p>\u0395\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b9, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf 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\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd (Gifford, 2005). \u038c\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u00ab\u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u00bb \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b7\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b1. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c8\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 (Pellissier, 2015).   <\/p>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-style-large\"><p><strong>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong><\/p><cite>Dr. Jie-Qi Chen<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">116 <strong>References:<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n<p>4 Different Learning Styles You Should Know: The VARK Model. (n.d.). Retrieved October 29, 2020, from https:\/\/educationonline.ku.edu\/community\/4-different-learning-styles-to-know\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Abba, G. (1995). Ruolo del materiale didattico nel processo di apprendimento e integrazione del non vedente in et\u00e0 evolutiva. Tiflologia per l&#8217;integrazione, 5 (3), supplem., 34-36.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Anthony, G., &amp; Walshaw, M. (n.d.). <em>Effective pedagogy in mathematics<\/em>. 32.<\/p>\n\n<p>Asha K., Jitendra K. H., Beck M., \u201cL\u2019uso degli schemi visivi per la risoluzione dei problemi matematici, in Difficolt\u00e0 di apprendimento\u201d, Vol. 8, n. 1, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, 2002.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Balakrishnan, C. (2008).\u00a0TEACHING SECONDARY SCHOOL MATHEMATICS THROUGH STORYTELLING. 306.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Bavelier D,\u00a0Tomann\u00a0A, Hutton C, Mitchell T, Corina D, Liu G, et al. (2000) Visual attention to the periphery is enhanced in congenitally deaf individuals.\u00a0Journal of Neuroscience 20:1\u20136.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/innotechtoday.com\/digital-book-world-2018\/\">Best Digital Book in Maths\/Sciences 2018<\/a> https:\/\/innotechtoday.com\/digital-book-world-2018\/<\/p>\n\n<p>Britz, J. (1993) Problem Solving in Early Childhood Classrooms.\u00a0https:\/\/files.eric.ed.gov\/fulltext\/ED355040.pdf\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Candiotta Giusla mateeppina, \u201cla matematica per i sordi\u201d, relatore Enrico Dolza. \u2013 Tesi dattiloscritta. \u2013 Torino: Universit\u00e0 degli studi, 2015-2016.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Chiara\u00a0Nanni\u00a0,\u00a0Enrica\u00a0Partesana\u00a0and Daniela Rocca \u201cEarly Identification and Strengthening of Learning Difficulties A Project of Collaboration between School and Neuropsychiatry Service\u201d,\u00a0Edizione\u00a0Erickson, DIS Vol. 1, Issue 1, January 2020\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Culture and the arts. (2019). In <em>Wikipedia<\/em>. https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Contents\/Culture_and_the_arts&amp;oldid=926544104<\/p>\n\n<p>D. Fabbretti, E. Tomasuolo, \u201cScrittura e sordit\u00e0\u201d Carrocci, Roma, 2006\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>d\u2019Entremont, Y. (2015). Linking Mathematics, Culture and Community. <em>Procedia &#8211; Social and Behavioral Sciences<\/em>, <em>174<\/em>, 2818\u20132824. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sbspro.2015.01.973<\/p>\n\n<p>Davide\u00a0Antognazza\u00a0and Silvia\u00a0Sbaragli\u00a0\u201cThe Influence of the Teacher\u2019s Attitude over the Students\u2019 Commitment Mathematics Education Case \u201c,\u00a0Edizione\u00a0Erickson, DIS Vol. 1, Issue 1, January 2020\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Definition of metacognition. (n.d.). Www.Dictionary.Com. Retrieved October 26, 2020, from https:\/\/www.dictionary.com\/browse\/metacognition\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Dooley, T., Dunphy, E., Shiel, G., Butler, W. D., Corcoran, D., Farrell, T., NicMhuir\u00ed, S., O\u2019Connor, M., &amp; Travers, J. (n.d.). <em>Mathematics in Early Childhood and Primary Education (3-8 years)<\/em>. 164.<\/p>\n\n<p>Drew, C. (2020). The 5 Key Features of Child Initiated Play (2020).\u00a0Helpful Professor. https:\/\/helpfulprofessor.com\/child-initiated-play\/\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>European Math Museums Questionnaire<\/p>\n\n<p>Fermat Science: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fermat-science.com\/\">https:\/\/www.fermat-science.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n<p>Finkel, D. (2015, June 13). 5 principles of extraordinary math teaching. Math for Love. https:\/\/mathforlove.com\/2015\/06\/5-principles-of-extraordinary-math-teaching\/\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Finkel, D. (2016, May 11). Hate Math? Make It Fun With Picture Books, Board Games and More. Math for Love.\u00a0<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/mathforlove.com\/press\/hate-math-make-it-fun-with-picture-books-board-games-and-more\/\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/mathforlove.com\/press\/hate-math-make-it-fun-with-picture-books-board-games-and-more\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n<p>Francesco Sella, Daniela\u00a0Lucangeli\u00a0and Marco\u00a0Zorzi\u00a0\u201cThe Mastering of the Cardinality Principle in a Sample of Italian Preschool Children\u201d\u00a0Edizione\u00a0Erickson, DIS Vol. 1, Issue 2, May 2020\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Frye, D., Baroody, A., Burchinal, M., Carver, S., Jordan, N., &amp; McDowell, J. (2013). Teaching Math to Young Children. The Institute of Education Sciences (IES), 1\u2013152.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ies.ed.gov\/ncee\/wwc\/Docs\/PracticeGuide\/early_math_pg_111313.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/ies.ed.gov\/ncee\/wwc\/Docs\/PracticeGuide\/early_math_pg_111313.pdf<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Gifford, S. (2005).\u00a0Teaching Mathematics 3-5: Developing Learning in the Foundation Stage. http:\/\/eds.a.ebscohost.com\/eds\/ebookviewer\/ebook\/bmxlYmtfXzIzMzkzM19fQU41?sid=f1519a5c-1edb-4669-8a83-c8f4a4142877@sdc-v-sessmgr01&amp;vid=0&amp;format=EB&amp;rid=1\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Ginsburg, H. P., Inoue, N. &amp; Seo, K. H. (1999). Young children doing mathematics: Observations of everyday activities. In J. Copely (Ed.), Mathematics in the early years (pp.88\u201399). Reston,VA: NCTM\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Giulia\u00a0Franconi\u00a0and Cesare\u00a0Cornoldi, \u201cA Study on the Change of the Relationship between Mathematics and Metacognition in Different School Levels\u201d\u00a0Edizione\u00a0Erickson, DIS Vol. 1, Issue 1, January 2020\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>How play is structured in early years settings to promote development. (n.d.). 6.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>How to teach kindergarten and preschool math. (2019, June 24). <em>Kindergarten Lessons<\/em>. https:\/\/www.kindergarten-lessons.com\/kindergarten-and-preschool-math\/<\/p>\n\n<p>Instructional Research Group. (2008, January). Mathematics Instruction for Students with Learning Disabilities or Difficulty Learning Mathematics: A Guide for Teachers. Center on Instruction.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/234623037_Mathematics_Instruction_for_Students_with_Learning_Disabilities_or_Difficulty_Learning_Mathematics_A_Guide_for_Teachers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/234623037_Mathematics_Instruction_for_Students_with_Learning_Disabilities_or_Difficulty_Learning_Mathematics_A_Guide_for_Teachers<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Jayanthi, Madhavi &amp; Gersten, Russell &amp; Baker, Scott. (2008). Mathematics Instruction for Students with Learning Disabilities or Difficulty Learning Mathematics: A Guide for Teachers. Center on Instruction.<\/p>\n\n<p>Johansson, M. (2015). <em>Perceptions of mathematics in preschool \u201c-now we have a way of talking about the mathematics that we can work with.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>Jones, C. (2009).\u202f<a href=\"http:\/\/dc.cod.edu\/essai\/vol7\/iss1\/26\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Interdisciplinary Approach: Advantages, Disadvantages, and the Future Benefits of Interdisciplinary Studies.<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Khasnabis, C., Motsch, K. H., Achu, K., Jubah, K. A., Brodtkorb, S., Chervin, P., Coleridge, P., Davies, M., Deepak, S., Eklindh, K., Goerdt, A., Greer, C., Heinicke-Motsch, K., Hooper, D., Ilagan, V. B., Jessup, N., Khasnabis, C., Mulligan, D., Murray, B., \u2026 Lander, T. (2010). Non-formal education. In <em>Community-Based Rehabilitation: CBR Guidelines<\/em>. World Health Organization. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK310920\/<\/p>\n\n<p>KINDERGARTEN PROBLEM SOLVING. (2019, February 27).\u00a0Kindergarten Lessons. https:\/\/www.kindergarten-lessons.com\/kindergarten_problem_solving\/\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>L&#8217; Europe math\u00e9matique\/Mathematical Europe: Histoires, mythes, identit\u00e9s publi\u00e9 par Catherine Goldstein, Jeremy Gray, Jim Ritter<\/p>\n\n<p>Le Point Hors-S\u00e9rie, La M\u00e9thode Singapour, December 2017<\/p>\n\n<p>Les D\u00e9fis de l\u2019enseignement des math\u00e9matiques dans l\u2019\u00e9ducation de base, Mich\u00e8le Artigue, Unesco report, 2011<\/p>\n\n<p><em>Making the Connection between Culture and Mathematics\u00a0Northwestern University | School of Education &amp; Social Policy<\/em>. (n.d.). Retrieved December 18, 2020, from https:\/\/www.sesp.northwestern.edu\/news-center\/inquiry\/2009-spring\/making-the-connection.html<\/p>\n\n<p>Malvik, C. (2020).\u00a04 Types of Learning Styles: How to Accommodate a Diverse Group of Students. https:\/\/www.rasmussen.edu\/degrees\/education\/blog\/types-of-learning-styles\/\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Maria Grazia Palermo, \u201cMatematica e scienze con l&#8217;alunno sordo : teaching mathematics and science of to the deaf students\u201d; relatore Enrico Dolza. &#8211; Tesi dattiloscritta. &#8211; Torino : Universit\u00e0 degli studi, 2015 (TESI 136).\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Mathematics in Early Childhood and Primary Education (3-8 years), NCCA,<\/p>\n\n<p>Mathematikum museum: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mathematikum.de\/\">https:\/\/www.mathematikum.de\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n<p>Mmaca museum: <a href=\"https:\/\/mmaca.cat\/\">https:\/\/mmaca.cat\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n<p>Mok, O. N. A. (2011). Non-formal learning: Clarification of the concept and its application in music learning. Australian Journal of Music Education, 1, 11\u201315.<\/p>\n\n<p>Navet museum: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.navet.com\/\">https:\/\/www.navet.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n<p>Neculae\u00a0Dinu\u021b\u0103\u00a0&#8211; Methodical aspects regarding the interdisciplinary approach of mathematical contents in preschool education.\u00a0Procedia &#8211; Social and Behavioral Sciences 180 ( 2015 ) 780 \u2013 787\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>NMC HorizonReport: 2017 Higher Education Edition<\/p>\n\n<p><em>Non-formal education<\/em>. (1999). https:\/\/assembly.coe.int\/nw\/xml\/XRef\/X2H-Xref-ViewHTML.asp?FileID=8807&amp;lang=EN<\/p>\n\n<p><em>Non-formal education<\/em>. (2020, June 22). http:\/\/uis.unesco.org\/en\/glossary-term\/non-formal-education<\/p>\n\n<p>Observation Cooperation Information Museums: <a href=\"https:\/\/ocim.fr\/2020\/12\/approches-sociales-et-inclusives-des-musees-et-des-lieux-de-culture-scientifique\/\">https:\/\/ocim.fr\/2020\/12\/approches-sociales-et-inclusives-des-musees-et-des-lieux-de-culture-scientifique\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n<p>Oldridge, M. (2019). The Playful Approach to Math. Edutopia. https:\/\/www.edutopia.org\/article\/playful-approach-math<\/p>\n\n<p>Papadakis, S., Kalogiannakis, M., &amp; Zaranis, N. (2016). Improving Mathematics Teaching in Kindergarten with Realistic Mathematical Education. Early Childhood Education Journal, 45(3), 369\u2013378.<\/p>\n\n<p>Pellissier, H. (2015).\u00a0Why early math is just as important as early reading. Parenting. https:\/\/www.greatschools.org\/gk\/articles\/early-math-equals-future-success\/\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Pigliacampo R.,\u201d\u00a0Lingua e Linguaggio nel sordo, analisi e problemi di una lingua visivo-manuale\u201d,\u00a0Armando Editore, Roma, 1998.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Pourquoi l\u2019\u00e9cole a-t-elle enseign\u00e9 le comptage-num\u00e9rotage pendant pr\u00e8s de 30 ann\u00e9es\u00a0?, R\u00e9mi Brissiaud, september 2014<\/p>\n\n<p>Press article on maths museums: <a href=\"https:\/\/lepetitjournal.com\/francfort\/a-voir-a-faire\/mathematikum-le-premier-musee-interactif-des-mathematiques-giessen-attire-les-visiteurs-77890\">https:\/\/lepetitjournal.com\/francfort\/a-voir-a-faire\/mathematikum-le-premier-musee-interactif-des-mathematiques-giessen-attire-les-visiteurs-77890<\/a><\/p>\n\n<p>Rosy Luca, \u201cInsegnare matematica ad allievi con disabilit\u00e0 acustica = teaching mathematics for deaf student\u201d, rel. Cecilia Maria Marchisio. &#8211; Tesi dattiloscritta. &#8211; Torino : Universit\u00e0 degli Studi, PAS Piemonte &#8211; a.a. 2013-2014 (TESI 119).\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Samarapungavan, Patrick, Mantzicopoulos, A. H. P. (2011). What Kindergarten Students Learn in Inquiry-Based Science Classrooms. Taylor &amp; Francis Group, 416\u2013470.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07370008.2011.608027\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07370008.2011.608027<\/a>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Seel, N. M. (2012). Action Schemas. In N. M. Seel (Ed.),\u00a0Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning\u00a0(pp. 73\u201375). 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EPALE &#8211; European Commission. https:\/\/epale.ec.europa.eu\/en\/blog\/benefits-non-formal-learning<\/p>\n\n<p>St Patrick\u2019s College, Charles Sturt University, &amp; Educational Research Center. (2014a). Mathematics in Early Childhood and Primary Education (3\u20138 years) Definitions, Theories, Development and Progression (No. 17). National Council for Curriculum and Assessment.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>St Patrick\u2019s College, Charles Sturt University, &amp; Educational Research Center. (2014b). Mathematics in Early Childhood and Primary Education (3\u20138 years) Teaching and Learning (No. 18). National Council for Curriculum and Assessment.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Subitising and Early Number Sense in Early Years Children\u2014Yellow Door. (n.d.). Retrieved October 27, 2020, from https:\/\/www.yellow-door.net\/blog\/what-is-subitising\/\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Teaching Math to Young Children. 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Support of mathematical thinking through embodied cognition: Nondigital and digital approaches.\u00a0Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications,\u00a02(1), 16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41235-017-0053-8\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Tudge, J., &amp; Doucet, F. (2004). Early mathematical experiences: Observing young black and white children\u2019s everyday activities. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 19(1), 21\u201339.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>UDL: The UDL Guidelines. (2021, April 9). The UDL Guidelines.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/udlguidelines.cast.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/udlguidelines.cast.org<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Una app dedicata ai bambini ciechi per imparare la matematica\u202f: https:\/\/www.superabile.it\/cs\/superabile\/istruzione\/una-app-dedicata-ai-bambini-ciechi-per-imparare-la-matematica.html.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Understanding teaching professionals\u2019 digital competence: What do PIAAC and TALIS reveal about technology-related skills, attitudes, and knowledge?, R. 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Retrieved October 27, 2020, from https:\/\/www.health.nsw.gov.au\/mentalhealth\/psychosocial\/principles\/Pages\/holistic.aspx\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p><em>What Is Culture? Definition, Meaning and Examples | Live Science<\/em>. (n.d.). Retrieved November 13, 2020, from https:\/\/www.livescience.com\/21478-what-is-culture-definition-of-culture.html<\/p>\n\n<p>What is non formal education and why it is important. (2018, September 18). <em>Dothegap \/ Sube Tu Experiencia. Descubre Otras Afines. Conecta.<\/em> https:\/\/dothegap.com\/blog\/en\/what-is-non-formal-education-and-why-it-is-important\/<\/p>\n\n<p>What is non-formal education? (2015). <a href=\"https:\/\/infed.org\/mobi\/what-is-non-formal-education\/\">https:\/\/infed.org\/mobi\/what-is-non-formal-education\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n<p>What\u2019s Dyscalculia? (n.d.). What\u2019s Dyscalculia? Retrieved January 15, 2021, from https:\/\/www.dyscalculia.org\/dyscalculia\/what-s-dyscalculia\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Yeo, D. (2003). Dyslexia, Dyspraxia and Mathematics (1st ed.). Wiley.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n<p>Zisopoulou, E. (2019). Collaborative learning in kindergarten: Challenge or reality? Erken \u00c7ocukluk \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 Dergisi, 3(2), 335\u2013351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24130\/eccd-jecs.1967201932113\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/methodological_guide\/17147"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/methodological_guide"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/methodological_guide"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/recreamaths.eu\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17147"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}